Unit 4 References

Unit 4:

References

Historical Evolution References
Connor-Greene, P. A. (1988). Gender differences in body weight perception and weight-loss strategies of college students. Women & Health, 14(2), 27-41.

Fontaine, K. L. (1991). The conspiracy of culture: Women's issues in body size. Nursing Clinics of North America, 26(3), 669-676.

Franzoi, S. L., & Shield, S. A. (1984). The body esteem scale: Multidimensional structure and sex differences in a college population. Journal of Personality Assessment, 48, 173-178.

Fraser, L. (1997). Losing it: America's obsession with weight and the industry that feeds on it. New York: Dutton.

Guillen, E. O., & Barr, S. I. (1994). Nutrition, dieting, and fitness messages in a magazine for adolescent women, 1970-1990. Journal of Adolescent Health, 15(6), 464-472.

Nemeroff, C. J., Stein, R. I., Diehl, N. S., & Smilack, K. M. (1994). From the Cleavers to the Clinton's: Role choices and body orientation as reflected in magazine article content. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 16(2), 167-176.

Rolls, B. J., Federoff, I. C., & Guthrie, J. F. (1991). Gender differences in eating behavior and body weight regulation. Health Psychology, 10(2), 133-142.

Rossi, L. R. (1988). Feminine beauty: The impact of culture and nutritional trends on emerging images. Holistic Nursing Practice, 3(1), 1-7.

Ryckman, R. M., Robbins, M. A., Kaczor, L. M., & Gold, J. A. (1989). Male and female raters' stereotyping of male and female physiques. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 15(2), 244-251.

Segal-Isaacson, C. J. (1996). American attitudes toward body fatness. Nurse Practitioner, 21(3), 9-13.

Shaw, S. M., & Kemeny, L. (1989). Fitness promotion for adolescent girls: The impact and effectiveness of promotional material which emphasizes the slim ideal. Adolescence, XXIV(95), 677-687.

Silverstein, B., Perdue, L. & Peterson, B., et al (GET THE REST) (1986). The role of the mass media in promoting a thin standard of bodily attractiveness for women. Sex Roles, 14, 519-532.

Media Influence References

Andersen, A. E., & DiDomenico, L. (1992). Diet vs. shape content of popular male and female magazines: A dose-response relationship to the incidence of eating disorders? International Journal of Eating Disorders, 11, 283-287.

Downs, C. A., & Harrison, S. K. (1985). Embarrassing age spots or just plain ugly? Physical attractiveness stereotyping as an instrument of sexism on American television commercials. Sex Roles, 13, 9-19.

Garner, D. M., Garfinkel, P. E., Schwartz, D., & Thompson, M. (1980). Cultural expectations of thinness in women. Psychological Reports, 47, 483-491.

Guillen, E. O., & Barr, S. I. (1994). Nutrition, dieting, and fitness messages in a magazine for adolescent women, 1970-1990. Journal of Adolescent Health, 15(6), 464-472.

Imm, P. S., & Pruitt, J. (1991). Body shape satisfaction in female exercisers and nonexercisers. Women & Health, 17(4), 87-96.

Nemeroff, C. J., Stein, R. I., Diehl, N. S., & Smilack, K. M. (1994). From the Cleavers to the Clinton's: Role choices and body orientation as reflected in magazine article content. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 16(2), 167-176.

Silverstein, B., Perdue, L. & Peterson, B. (1986). The role of the mass media in promoting a thin standard of bodily attractiveness for women. Sex Roles, 14, 519-532.

Wright, J. (1994). No smoke without fire. Nursing Standard, 10(10), 48.

Sedentary Lifestyle References

United States Department of Health and Human Services. (1990). Healthy people 2000: National health promotion and disease prevention objectives (DHHS Publication No. PHS 91-50213). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

United States Department of Health and Human Services. (1996). Physical activity and health: A report of the surgeon general (S/N 017-023-00196-5). Atlanta, GA: United States Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion.

Benefits of Physical Activity References

Barlow, C. E., Kohl, H. W., III, Gibbons, L. W., & Blair, S. N. (1995). Physical fitness, mortality and obesity. International Journal of Obesity, 19 (Suppl. 4), S41-S44.

Blair, S. N., Kohl, H. W. III, Barlow, C. E., Paffenbarger, R. S., Jr., Gibbons, L. W., & Macera, C. A. (1989a). Changes in physical fitness and all-cause mortality: A prospective study of healthy and unhealthy men. Journal of the American Medical Association, 273, 1093-1098.

Blair, S. N., Kohl, H. W., Barlow, C. E., & Gibbons, L. W. (1991). Physical fitness and all-cause mortality in hypertensive men. Annals of Medicine, 23, 307-312.

Blair, S. N., Kohl, H. W., Paffenbarger, R. S., Jr., Clark, D. G., Cooper, K. H., & Gibbons, L. W. (1989b). Physical fitness and all-cause mortality: A prospective study of healthy men and women. Journal of the American Medical Association, 262, 2395-2401. (Getting this one. Dishman)

Blumenthal, J. A., Emery, C. F., Madden, D. J., George, L. K., Coleman, R. E., Riddle, M. W., McKee, D. C., Reasoner, J., & Williams, R. S. (1989). Cardiovascular and behavioral effects of aerobic exercise training in healthy older men and women. The Journals of Gerontology, 44(5), M145-M157.

Caruso, C. M., & Gill, D. L. (1992). Strengthening physical self-perceptions through exercise. The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness,32(4), 416-427.

Dishman, R. K. (Ed.). (1994). Advances in exercise adherence. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.

Duncan, J. J., Gordon, N. F., & Scott, C. B. (1991). Walking for fitness - walking for health: How much is enough for sedentary women? Journal of the American Medical Association, 266, 3295-3299. (Getting this reference. Secondary Dishman 40)

Eaton, C. B., Lapane, K. L., Garber, C. A., Assaf, A. R., Lasater, T. M., & Carleton, R. A. (1995). Sedentary lifestyle and risk of coronary heart disease in women. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 27, 1535-1539.

Farmer, M. E., Harris, T., Madans, J. H., Wallace, R. B., Cornoni-Huntley, J. & White, L. R. (1989). Anthropometric indicators and hip fracture: the NHANES I epidemiologic follow-up study. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society,37, 9-16.

Frisch, R. E., Wyshak, G., Albright, N. L., Albright, T. E., & Schiff, I. (1989). Low prevalence of non-reproductive system cancers among female former college athletes. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 21, 250-253.

Frisch, R. E., Wyshak, G., Albright, N. L., Albright, T. E., Schiff, I., & Jones, K. P. (1985). Lower prevalence of breast cancer and cancers of the reproductive system among former college athletes compared to nonathletes. British Journal of Cancer, 52, 885-891.

Gillis, A., & Perry, A. (1991). The relationships between physical activity and health-promoting behaviours in mid-life women. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 16, 299-310.

Helmrich, S. P., Ragland, D. R., Leung, R. W., & Paffenbarger, R. S., Jr. (1991). Physical activity and reduced occurrence of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. New England Journal of Medicine, 325, 147-152.

Kohrt, W. M., Snead, D. B., Slatopolsky, E., & Birge, S. J., Jr. (1995). Additive effects of weight-bearing exercise and estrogen on bone mineral density in older women. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 10, 1303-1311.

Kratina, K., King, N., & Hayes, D. (1996). Moving away from diets: New ways to heal eating problems & exercise resistance. Lake Dallas, TX: Helm Seminars, Publishing.

Leon, A. S. (1991). Recent advances in the management of hypertension. Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation, 11, 182-191.

Leon, A. S., Connett, J., & Jacobs, D. R. (1987). Leisure-time physical activity levels and risk of coronary heart disease and death. Journal of the American Medical Association, 258, 2388-2395.

Levine, G. N., & Balady, G. J. (1993). The benefits and risks of exercise training: The exercise prescription. Advances in Internal Medicine, 38, 57-79.

Lindheim, S. R., Notelovitz, M., Feldman, E. B., Larsen, S., Khan, F. Y., & Yobo, R. A. (1994). Independent effects of exercise and estrogen on lipids and lipoproteins in postmenopausal women. Obstetrics & Gynecology, 83(2), 167-172.

Linstead, K. D., Tonstad, S., & Kuzma, J. W. (1991). Self-report of physical activity and patterns of mortality in Seventh-Day Adventist men. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 44, 355-364.

Manson, J. E., Rimm, E. B., Stampfer, M. J., Colditz, G. A., Willett,. W. C., & Krolewski, A. S. (1991). Physical activity and incidence of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus in women. Lancet, 338, 774-778.

Meyer, H. E., Tverdal, A., & Falch, J. A. (1993). Risk factors for hip fracture in middle-aged Norwegian women and men. American Journal of Epidemiology, 137, 1203-1211.

Paffenbarger, R. S., Jr., Hyde, R. T., Wing, A. L., & Hseih, C. C. (1986). Physical activity, all-cause mortality, and longevity of college alumni. New England Journal of Medicine, 314, 605-613.

Prince, R. L., Smith, M., Dick, I. M., Price, R. I., Webb, P. G., Henderson, N. K. (1991). Prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis: A comparative study of exercise, calcium supplementation, and hormone-replacement therapy. New England Journal of Medicine, 325, 1189-1195.

Shumaker, S. A., Anderson, R. T., & Czajkowski, S. M. (1990). Psychological tests and scales. In B. Spilker (Ed.), Quality of life assessments in clinical trials (pp. 95-113). New York: Raven Press.

United States Department of Health and Human Services. (1996). Physical activity and health: A report of the surgeon general (S/N 017-023-00196-5). Atlanta, GA: United States Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion.

Body Image References

Allan, J. D. (1988). Knowing what to weigh: Women's self-care activities related to weight. Advances in Nursing Science, 11(1), 47-60.

Cash, T. F., & Deagle III, E. A. (1997). The nature and extent of body-image disturbances in anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa: A meta-analysis. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 22(2), 107-125.

Chavis, G. G. (1988, Winter). Family portraits: Family influence on body image. The Melpomene Journal.

Connor-Greene, P. A. (1988). Gender differences in body weight perception and weight-loss strategies of college students. Women & Health, 14(2), 27-41.

Davies, E., & Furnham, A. (1986). Body satisfaction in adolescent girls. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 59, 279-287.

Fontaine, K. L. (1991). The conspiracy of culture: Women's issues in body size. Nursing Clinics of North America, 26(3), 669-676.

Foreyt, J. P., Brunner, R. L., Goodrick, G. K., Cutter, G., Brownell, K. D., & St. Joer, S. T. (1995). Psychological correlates of weight fluctuation. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 17(3), 263-275.

Janelli, L. M. (1986). The realities of body image. Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 12(10), 23-27.

Kearney-Cooke, A., & Striegel-Moore, R. (1992, July). Through the looking glass. Shape, 98-101.

Lutter, J. M., & Jaffee, L. (1996). The Bodywise Woman (2nd ed.). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.

McKie, L. J., Wood, R. C., & Gregory, S. (1993). Women defining health: Food, diet and body image. Health Education Research, 8(1), 35-41.

Mendelson, B., & White, D. (1985). Development of self-body-esteem in overweight youngsters. Developmental Psychology, 21(1), 90-96.

Robinson, B. (1985, February). The stigma of obesity: Fat fallacies debunked. The Melpomene Report, 9-13.

Shindler, P. (1950). The image and appearance of the human body. New York: International Universities Press.

Size Acceptance References

Kratina, K., King, N., & Hayes, D. (1996). Moving away from diets: New ways to heal eating problems & exercise resistance. Lake Dallas, TX: Helm Seminars, Publishing.

Hirschmann, J. R., & Munter, C. H. (1995). When women stop hating their bodies: Freeing yourself from food and weight obsession. New York: Fawcett Columbine.